The United States is home to some of the most scenic rivers and lakes. From oceans to lakes, creeks and estuaries, the U.S. is ripe for the picking when it comes to boating activities.

You never know when you might find yourself on your next (or first) boating adventure, so why not arm yourself with an understanding of a glossary of boating terminology? After all, having an ample understanding ensures an enjoyable and safe experience on the water.

Boat Types You Should Know

Before we jump into other specific boating terms, lets get started learning some basic boat types.

Pleasure Craft

A pleasure craft is exactly what it implies – a vessel used for recreation. Common types include sport fishing boats, bow riders, yachts and inflatable boats.

Inflatable boats are one type of pleasure craft.

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Personal Watercraft

This is a small boat with an inboard engine powered by a jet propulsion system. Because of its size and power source, it cannot be steered without applying throttle. Personal watercraft (PWC) would encompass jet skis and water scooters.

Power-Driven Craft

A power-driven craft is any boat powered by a motor or engine. Common examples include bow riders, deck boats, and sport fishing boats.

Human-Powered Craft

Human-powered watercraft include canoes, rowboats and kayaks.

These boats operate without any power and are propelled manually using a pedal, sail or foot pedals. Canoes, kayaks, and rowboats are categorized as human-powered craft. 

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Now, On To The Boating Terms…

Familiarize yourself with this glossary of boating terms, and you’ll be on your way to becoming a more knowledgeable boater…

Astern

This refers to the area or location behind or toward the back of the boat or ship.

Beam

The measurement of the width of a boat at its widest point.

Bow

The front part of a a boat. A boat with an open bow usually has seating space. A closed bow has seating below deck (the space below the main deck of the boat).

Bowline Knot and Bow

The bowline knot creates a loop at the end of a line. (This is not to be confused with a boat’s bow).

Bowline knot example.

Draft

The distance between the waterline and the keel (lowest part of boat’s hull) of a boat; the minimum depth of water in which a boat will float.

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Freeboard

The distance from the waterline to the deck or between the level of the water and the upper edge of the side of a small boat.

Hull

The hull is the bottom part of the boat that sits in the water. 

Helm

The steering wheel and controls are located at the helm. This is where the captain of the boat or ship operates from.

Keel

The lowest part of a boat’s hull, which provides strength, stability and sideways drift while in the water.

Navigation Light

These are all the lights on the boat that come into effect at night. Recreational boats are equipped with a stern light, masthead or anchor light, and sidelights. Powerboats, like pontoons, combine the stern light and masthead into a single anchor light.

Navigation lights have two functions – to make your boat visible at night and to indicate the right of way when two vessels approach each other.

PFD

PFD is an acronym for a personal flotation device. These are life jackets and other flotation items. PFDs must be on all vessels according to state laws. Some require children under 10 to wear life jackets at all times, so be sure to check your local regulations.

Port

The port side is the left side of the boat when facing the bow (front) of the boat.

Starboard

When facing the front of the boat, starboard is the right side (port is on the left).

Stern

The stern is the back of the boat or vessel.

When facing the bow, the starboard side is the right side of the boat, marked by the green sidelight.

Transom

The transom of a boat is the cross-section of the stern. It is typically flat and serves the purpose of a support structure of the stern and barrier to water.

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Trim

Trimming the engine entails it being moved up or down. The button is normally found on the throttle. There are two reasons to trim the engine.

Trimming the motor up to protect the lower unit from hitting the bottom is necessary in shallow water at low speed. You can also adjust the trim for optimal engine performance.

Underway

A boat is underway when it is not docked or anchored. Floating or drifting while using the motor would count as underway.

So, Now You Know Some Boating Terms…

The above boating terms are commonly used among recreational boaters. They are essential things to know for the safety of you and your friends and family when on the water.

Be sure to educate yourself on all water rules in your state and get to know boating etiquette as well. Happy and safe boating… and have fun! 

To many outdoor enthusiasts, the freedom of gliding across open waters is too hard to resist. But, first things first… before venturing out on your aquatic adventure, you might be wondering: Do I need a license to drive a boat?”

The answer isn’t as simple as you might think.

In many cases, you do need a license to operate a boat, but there are some exceptions. Let’s break it down and explore the ins and outs of boating licenses, so you can navigate the waters more safely and with renewed confidence.

State-Specific Requirements: Navigating the Patchwork of US Boating Laws

Unlike driving a car, where you need a license in every state, boating regulations can vary widely depending on where you drop anchor. It’s like a patchwork quilt of laws, each state with its own unique pattern.

Here’s a closer look at the key factors that might influence whether or not you need a boating license.

Boating Licenses and Education Certificates

In most jurisdictions, what you’ll need is not technically a “license,” but rather a boating education certificate. This certificate proves you’ve completed a state-approved boating safety course. These courses cover essential topics like navigation rules, safety equipment, and emergency procedures—all the good stuff you need to know to keep yourself and others safe on the water.

The good thing is that many states recognize boating education certificates from other states. Even Canadian boaters can cruise through US waters, so long as they have a valid boat license and a Pleasure Craft Operator Card (PCOC). (If you plan to boat in Canada, here’s a guide to obtaining a license to drive a boat in Ontario.)

So, if you’re planning a cross-border boating adventure, your home state’s certificate might just be your golden ticket to ride your precious vessel.

Age Matters

Here’s where things get a bit more complicated. Some states only require boating education certificates for certain age groups. For example:

• In California, motorized vessel boaters 60 years old and younger must finish a boating safety course and get a California Boater Card.
• The Sunshine State (Florida) requires anyone born on or after January 1, 1988, and operating a vessel with over 10 horsepower must have a boating education certificate and a boater safety identification card from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
• In New York, all motorboat operators born after January 1, 1978, need a certificate. This rule applies to everyone starting in 2025.

See what we mean about that patchwork? It’s certainly crucial to check the specific requirements for your state and any states where you plan to boat.

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Vessel Type: Motorized vs. Non-Motorized

Another factor to consider is the type of boat you’re planning to operate. Some states only require certificates for motorized vessels, while others include sailboats over a certain length. Paddled craft like kayaks and canoes are usually exempt, but it’s always best to double-check.

Given all the variables, the most important takeaway is this: always check the specific requirements for the state where you’ll be boating. Your best bet is to contact the state’s natural resources department or visit their official website for the most up-to-date information.

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Types of Boating Courses and Certificates

In the U.S., there are several types of boating education certificates and courses available to help you become a safe and knowledgeable boat operator.

Here are your main options for getting a boating certificate:

• State-Approved Courses: Many states have their own approved courses that cover local regulations and safety guidelines. Check with your state’s agency for boating safety education requirements and certification options.
• National Courses: Organizations like the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary and the Power Squadrons offer nationwide courses that are widely recognized. Obtaining certificates from the National Safe Boating Council and the National Association of State Boating Law Administrators (NASBLA) are great options, too.
• Online Course Certificates: Many online platforms offer boating safety courses that are approved by state agencies or national organizations.
• Hands-On Training: Some schools offer practical, hands-on training. These are especially useful if you prefer learning by doing rather than through online materials.

Whether you choose a national course, a state-specific program, or an online or hands-on option, a course completion certificate can be incredibly valuable. It’s a legal requirement in some states and is a wise step towards becoming a responsible and safe boater.

Boat Registration vs. Boating License

It’s also important to distinguish between boat registration and a boating license. In most states, registering your boat is a separate requirement from obtaining a license. Registration typically involves providing proof of ownership and paying a fee. It’s essential for legal operations and helps authorities track boats on the water.

Tips for Aspiring Boat Owners

The latest data shows there were 11.55 million recreational boats registered in the US in 2023—a slight drop from 11.77 million recorded a year before. While boating accidents have declined in recent years, over 4,000 incidents were reported in 2022, costing about $63 million in total damages.

Staying safe in the open waters requires you to be a responsible boat owner. Here are some tips to help you get started:  

• Research Local Laws: Before you hit the water, make sure you’re familiar with local boating laws and regulations. Each state—and sometimes even each county—can have different rules. If you’re planning to explore the Floridian waters, for instance, go to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, as mentioned previously, to learn about domestic boating regulations.  
• Take a Boating Course: As mentioned earlier, taking a boating safety course can make you a more competent and confident boat operator.
• Get Insurance: This protects you in the unfortunate event of accidents, damages, or other liabilities. Some marinas and docking facilities might even require proof of insurance before you can moor your boat.
• Know Your Boat: Understanding the specifics of your vessel, from its engine to its navigation systems, will help you operate it safely and efficiently. You also need to know the basics of boat maintenance to keep it in top shape.
• Stay Updated: Boating regulations can change, so it’s a good idea to stay informed about any updates that might affect you.

Boating is a fantastic way to spend time on the water, but it’s essential to prioritize safety and follow all regulations to ensure a great experience for everyone involved.

What About Renting a Boat?

If you’re not ready to commit to boat ownership, renting is a great way to enjoy boating without having the the full responsibility that owning a boat requires. Rental companies often require you to have a boating safety certificate, even if you’re just renting for a day. This ensures that renters understand basic boat safety protocols and can handle the vessel responsibly.

Where To Find Boating Regulations For Your State

Below is a list of the Department of Natural Resources (or their equivalents) for every U.S. State. Be sure to visit your state’s DNR website to learn more about boat licensing and regulations in your state:

• Here’s a list of the Departments of Natural Resources or their equivalent agencies for each U.S. state:
• Alabama – Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources: www.outdooralabama.com
• Alaska – Alaska Department of Fish and Game: www.adfg.alaska.gov
• Arizona – Arizona Game and Fish Department: www.azgfd.com
• Arkansas – Arkansas Game and Fish Commission: www.agfc.com
• California – California Department of Fish and Wildlife: wildlife.ca.gov
• Colorado – Colorado Parks and Wildlife: cpw.state.co.us
• Connecticut – Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
• Delaware – Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control
• Florida – Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission: myfwc.com
• Georgia – Georgia Department of Natural Resources: gastateparks.org
• Hawaii – Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources
• Idaho – Idaho Department of Fish and Game
• Illinois – Illinois Department of Natural Resources
• Indiana – Indiana Department of Natural Resources
• Iowa – Iowa Department of Natural Resources: www.iowadnr.gov
• Kansas – Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks: ksoutdoors.com
• Kentucky – Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources: fw.ky.gov
• Louisiana – Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
• Maine – Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife
• Maryland – Maryland Department of Natural Resources
• Massachusetts – Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs
• Michigan – Michigan Department of Natural Resources
• Minnesota – Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
• Mississippi – Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks: www.mdwfp.com
• Missouri – Missouri Department of Conservation: www.mdc.mo.gov
• Montana – Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks: fwp.mt.gov
• Nebraska – Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: outdoornebraska.gov
• Nevada – Nevada Department of Wildlife: ndow.org
• New Hampshire – New Hampshire Fish and Game Department
• New Jersey – New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife: www.njfishandwildlife.com
• New Mexico – New Mexico Department of Game and Fish
• New York – New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
• North Carolina – North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission: www.ncwildlife.org
• North Dakota – North Dakota Game and Fish Department
• Ohio – Ohio Department of Natural Resources: ohiodnr.gov
• Oklahoma – Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation: wildlifedepartment.com
• Oregon – Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife: myodfw.com
• Pennsylvania – Pennsylvania Game Commission: www.pgc.pa.gov
• Rhode Island – Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
• South Carolina – South Carolina Department of Natural Resources: www.dnr.sc.gov
• South Dakota – South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks: gfp.sd.gov
• Tennessee – Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency: www.tnwildlife.org
• Texas – Texas Parks and Wildlife Department: texasparksandwildlife.gov
• Utah – Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
• Vermont – Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department: vtfishandwildlife.com
• Virginia – Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources
• Washington – Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
• West Virginia – West Virginia Division of Natural Resources: www.wvdnr.gov
• Wisconsin – Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
• Wyoming – Wyoming Game and Fish Department

Final Thoughts On Boat Licensing

Driving a boat can be one of the most rewarding ways to enjoy the great outdoors. It can give you a sense of freedom while being closely connected with Gods’ Creation.

But before exploring the many waters, take time to educate yourself about boating regulations and comply with state-specific requirements where you intend to boat. Hopefully, the above links to your state’s DNR will be helpful in you learning more about your state’s particular set of rules as it pertains to boat ownership.

Happy and safe boating!